
Reference Point T is on the user's side of the network termination and allows a single TE
or TA to be connected.
Reference Point S allows more than one TE or TA to be connected. It only exists for Basic
Rate ISDN.
In this configuration, Reference Point S and Reference Point T are effectively in the same
place. The only distinction is the number of devices attached and so this reference point is
often referred to as S/T.
The S-bus
The passive bus illustrated below is an example of Reference Point S. For this reason, it is
often known as an S-Bus. This is the normal configuration for EuroISDN. Up to eight
devices can be connected to the S- Bus, any two of which can be be active
simultaneously.
The location of the U interface
In North America (and some other countries), where the NT1 is not provided by the ISDN
service provider, the Reference Point U is used to define the end of the wires provided to
the user by the service provider. There is no international standard that defines Reference
Point U.
Only one Terminal Equipment may be attached to Reference Point U. The TE must be
designed to operate on Reference Point U.
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